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    ECOTOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF AKMOLA REGION LAKES
    (Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences vol. 13, 2019, no. 1, p. 25-31, 2019-01-31) Akbayeva, L; Tulegenov, E; Omarbayeva, A; Kobetaeva, N; Nurgalieva, Z; Nurkeyev, Y; Martišová, P; Vietoris, V; Zhanabayev, A
    The research object is water, bottom sediments in Akmola region lakes located in the intensive agriculture area. The territory of Akmola region is subjected to intensive human impacts, including the inevitable pollution with agricultural pesticides, which are ecotoxicants. The work has carried out hydrochemical studies in technogenic polluted lakes: general hydrochemical indicators, persistent organic pollutant content. The POPs in the samples were determined on the gas chromatograph Clarus 580 (PerkinElmer) with a mass spectrometer detector Clarus-SQ 8. According to the analysis results, the general hydrochemical pollution is classified as an average. The MPC excess indicators in the Akmola region lakes are observed for salt ammonium (up to 0.002 MPC), magnesium (up to 1.15 MPC), nitrites (up to 1.12 MPC), petroleum products (up to 1.98 MPC), iron (up to 2.0 MPC), SSAS (up to 3.8 MPC). High concentration indicators for the sulphate (3.5 MPC), copper (4.3 MPC), magnesium (1.125 MPC). Mainly the lakes are dominated by sulfates, ion chloride. But in general among 21 investigated POPs 8 substances are accumulated in bottom sediments of the investigated Zhalauly, Tastykol lakes, Unnamed Lake to the south of Akkol village, Itemgen lake, Zhalanash lake near Malinovka village (near Astana city), Kokay, Yesey, Bolshoe Chebachie.
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    Incidence of non-specific tuberculin reactions in cattle in the Republic of Tatarstan in comparison with bovine tuberculosis epizootic situation
    (BIO Web of Conferences, 2020) Kamalieva, Yu; Mingaleev, D; Ravilov, R; Zhanabayev, A
    This article presents the results of the analysis of the epizootic situation for bovine tuberculosis and indicators of the frequency of non-specific reactions of bovine to tuberculin in the Republic of Tatarstan in the period from 2010 to 2019. It was found that during the study period, the maximum number of primary tuberculosis-affected localities was registered in 2013, and since 2017, the territory of the Republic is still free of tuberculosis. On average, 2400 non-specific reactions are detected per year. There are also cartograms of the spread of tuberculosis and occurring of non-specific tuberculin reactions, which show that the main number of such reactions is registered geographically in the same zones where tuberculosis-affected localities are located.
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    Intestinal helminths of wild Canidae from the Kazakhstan steppe ecosystems
    (Veterinaria, Vol. 69, No.2, 2020, 2020) Lider, L; Leontyev, S; Ussenbayev, A; Kiyan, V; Akibekov, O; Seitkamzina, D; Zhanabayev, A
    An epidemiological study of helminths in 39 wolves (Canis lupus), 15 foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and 13 corsacs (Vulpes corsac) collected from the steppes of the central, northern and western regions of Kazakhstan in 2018-2019, revealed 11 helminth species at autopsy, including pathogens of such zoonoses as echinococcosis, trichinellosis and toxocariasis. Species Taenia taeniaformis (prevalence 7.7%), Dipylidium caninum (2.6%), Echinococcus multilocularis (2.6%), Toxocara canis (10.3%) and Dirofilaria immitis (2.6%) were found only in wolves. Prevalence of Alaria alata in corsacs was 7.7% and in wolves 5.2%. Taenia spp. was found in 40% of foxes and 43.6% of wolves. Infection level with Macracanthorynchus catulinus among foxes was 26.7%, and in wolves 2.6%. Trichinella spp. larvae infected 6.7% of foxes and 17.9% of wolves. Mesocestoides lineatus were noted in all species of canine (V. corsac, V. vulpes, C. lupus) with the prevalence of 7.7%, 13.3% and 2.6%, and Toxascaris leonina infected 7.7%, 6.7% and 5.61% of these species of predators, respectively. Thus, populations of wild Canidae are forming natural foci of zoonotic invasions in the habitat regions.
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    INTESTINAL PARASITIC PATHOGENS OF DOGS FROM HOMELESS ANIMAL SHELTERS (NUR-SULTAN, KAZAKHSTAN)
    (Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan **Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany, 2022) Bauer, Ch.; Bauer, Ch.; Ussenbayev, A.Ye.; Berdikulov, M.A.; Seitkamzina, D.M.; Aitbay, A.B.; Zhanabayev, А.А.
    Faecal samples of 114 stray dogs older than one year of age and kept at the central animal shelter in Nur-Sultan City were examined by the Fuelleborn method for gastrointestinal parasites. Faecal stages of 6 different helminth and 2 protozoan parasites were detected in 49 (42.9%) of the samples: Toxascarisleonina eggs were most prevalent (29.8%) followed by Toxocaracanis (4.4%) and taeniid eggs, possibly of Echinococcus sp. eggs (4.4%), Dipylidiumcaninum egg capsules (3.6%), Trichurisvulpis eggs (1.8%), ancylostomatid eggs (1.8%). Cystoisosporacanisoocysts and Sarcocystis sp. sporocysts were detected in 4.4% and 0.9% of the samples, respectively. Mixed infections with T. leonina and other parasites were found in 17 cases (14.9%). These results showed that control of parasite infections in the animal shelter should be strongly improved, also to prevent the infection of humans with zoonotic parasites.
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    PCR Diagnosis for the Identification of the Virulent Gene of Salmonella in Poultry Meat
    (OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, 2021) Zhanabayeva, D. K.; Paritova, A. Y.; Murzakaeva, G. K.; Zhanabayev, A. A.; Kereev, A.; Asauova, Zh. S.; Aubakirov, M. Zh.
    The purpose of this study was to conduct microbiological studies of poultry meat imported into Mongolia and establish the serotypes and plasmids of Salmonella and determine the virulence of the gene encoding antibiotic resistance and its transmigratory properties. The PCR molecular biological method was used and according to the results, Salmonella enteritidis was identified in chicken carcasses of the American company, Tyson, the Chinese firm, Xilingol and a domestic company. On detection of pathogenic microbes in the chicken meat, the following data were obtained: Salmonella and Escherichia coli were found in samples from Tyson, with the participation of the company, Capital Market, from the wagon number MWCU521698. All this pointed to the possibility of the contamination of food before entering Mongolia. Salmonella and E. coli were identified in samples from the Russian company, Leghorn, while E. coli was found in Xilingol chickens sold on the Mercury food market. E. coli was also found in chicken meat from the workshop of the Mongolian firm, Tumen Shuvuut. Salmonella and Pseudomonos were then pinpointed at the Khuchit Shonkhor meat market, which indicated an increase in microbial contamination of chicken meat during the marketing and transportation stages. Microbiological research into Tyson’s frozen chicken meat, with the participation of Capital Market and Xilingol, showed that the total number of microbes exceeded 3-3.5 times the standard MNS6308: 2012. We identified invA genes and DT 104 Salmonella plasmids using PCR. The detection of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolated from chicken meat was established by the DNA sequence for chloramphenicol – 878 bp, for ampicillin-692 bp, for sulfatomycin-293 bp. From the above data, it follows that chicken meat was heavily contaminated with various pathogenic bacteria before entering the Mongolian market.
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    Retention of lumpy skin disease virus in Stomoxys spp (Stomoxys calcitrans, Stomoxys sitiens, Stomoxys indica) following intrathoracic inoculation, Diptera: Muscidae
    (PLOS ONE, 2021-02-19) Issimov, A; Taylor, David B.; Shalmenov, M; Nurgaliyev, B; Zhubantayev, I; Abekeshev, N; Kushaliyev, K; Kereyev, A; Kutumbetov, L; Zhanabayev, A; Zhakiyanova, Y; White, Peter J.
    Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging disease of cattle in Kazakhstan and the means of transmission remains uncertain. In the current study, retention of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) by three Stomoxys species following intrathoracic inoculation was demonstrated under laboratory conditions. A virulent LSDV strain was injected into the thorax of flies to bypass the midgut barrier. The fate of the pathogen in the hemolymph of the flies was examined using PCR and virus isolation tests. LSDV was isolated from all three Stomoxys species up to 24h post inoculation while virus DNA was detectable up to 7d post inoculation.
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    The combined effects of temperature and relative humidity parameters on the reproduction of Stomoxys species in a laboratory setting
    (PLOS ONE, 2020-12-21) Issimov, A; Taylor, David B.; Zhugunissov, K; Kutumbetov, L; Zhubantayev, A; Kazhgaliyev, N; Akhmetaliyeva, A; Nurgaliyev, B; Shalmenov, M; Absatirov, G; Dushayeva, L; White, Peter J.
    In this study, Stomoxys species (S. calcitrans, S. sitiens and S. indica) were examined to improve on the current technique for mass rearing using a method of combined incubation parameters. Moreover, the reproductive potential of immature forms at various stages of development was defined. Immature forms of stable flies were incubated according to species. There was no significant difference in the number of immature forms obtained among species incubated under the same conditions. Six incubation parameters were used in combination, at temperatures (T) of 32 ̊C, 27 ̊C and 22 ̊C and relative humidity (RH) of 90% and 70% RH. The combined method resulted in a higher number of eggs hatching at 32 ̊C and 90% humidity as well as an increase in the number of larva pupated and emergence of imago at 27 ̊C and 70% humidity.
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    The influence of epidemiological factors to prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum of neonatal calves in northern Kazakhstan
    (EurAsian Journal of BioSciences 14, 3499-3505, 2020) Ussenbayev, A; Kurenkeyeva, D; Kurmanbayeva, D; Zhanabayev, A; Lider, L; Baikadamova, G
    Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the epidemiological factors influencing the Cryptosporidium parvum infection in bovine farms in Northern Kazakhstan. Faecal samples were collected on 24 farms from 245 neonatal calves and analysed using microscopy and immune chromatographic commercial kits. The prevalence of calves’ infection ranged from 1.6% to 29.1%. In bivariate regression analysis four epidemiological factors, including “age of calves”, “clinical appearance of diarrhoea”, “calves housed without dam” and “large type of farm” were found to be significantly associated with infection; the associations were confirmed by the multivariate analysis. Moreover, the last analysis suggests also that the above first three epidemiological factors favoured C. parvum infection of calves.